Hidradenitis Suppurativa (HS) is a chronic skin condition that causes painful, inflamed lumps to develop in areas where skin rubs together, such as the underarms, groin, and under the breasts. Although the exact cause of HS is unknown, it is believed to be related to hair follicles becoming blocked with sweat and bacteria, leading to inflammation and infection. The symptoms of hidradenitis suppurativa can range from mild to severe and can greatly impact a person’s quality of life. In this article, we will discuss the symptoms of hidradenitis suppurativa and the available treatments for the condition.

Symptoms of Hidradenitis Suppurativa

1. Painful lumps: The primary symptom of hidradenitis suppurativa is the development of painful, inflamed lumps in areas where skin rubs together. These lumps, called abscesses, can be very painful and may become infected.
2. Drainage: As the abscesses grow, they may rupture and discharge pus or blood. This discharge can be foul-smelling and may cause additional skin irritation.
3. Scarring: Over time, the repeated formation of abscesses and discharge can lead to scarring and the formation of sinus tracts, which are tunnels under the skin connecting the abscesses.
4. Recurrent boils: People with hidradenitis suppurativa may experience recurrent boils in the same area, which can be very painful and make it difficult to carry out daily activities.
5. Emotional distress: The symptoms of hidradenitis suppurativa can cause significant emotional distress and negatively impact a person’s quality of life.

Treatment for Hidradenitis Suppurativa

There is currently no cure for hidradenitis suppurativa, but there are several treatments that can help manage the symptoms and prevent the condition from getting worse. The most common treatments for hidradenitis suppurativa include:

1. Antibiotics: Antibiotics are often used to treat infected abscesses and prevent further infection. They may be taken orally or applied topically.
2. Pain management: Pain management is important for people with hidradenitis suppurativa, as the condition can be very painful. Over-the-counter pain relievers, such as ibuprofen or acetaminophen, can help relieve pain. In severe cases, stronger pain medications may be necessary.
3. Topical creams: Topical creams, such as corticosteroids, can help reduce inflammation and prevent scarring. They may also be used to prevent recurrent boils.
4. Surgery: In some cases, surgery may be necessary to remove abscesses and sinus tracts. This can help reduce pain and improve the appearance of the affected area.
5. Lifestyle changes: Making changes to your daily routine, such as avoiding tight clothing and practicing good hygiene, can help prevent the formation of abscesses and reduce symptoms.
6. Photodynamic therapy: Photodynamic therapy involves the application of a photosensitizing agent followed by exposure to a specific wavelength of light. This treatment has been shown to be effective in reducing the symptoms of hidradenitis suppurativa.
7. Biologic therapies: Biologic therapies, such as adalimumab and infliximab, are medications that target specific parts of the immune system. These medications have been shown to be effective in reducing the symptoms of hidradenitis suppurativa.