Mitral valve prolapse (MVP) is a common condition in which one of the heart’s valves, the mitral valve, doesn’t work properly. The mitral valve is located between the left atrium and the left ventricle, and it helps control the flow of blood from the atrium to the ventricle. In MVP, the valve’s flaps, or leaflets, bulge or prolapse into the atrium during the heartbeat. This can cause blood to leak backward into the atrium, a condition known as mitral regurgitation.
The following are the symptoms of MVP:
- Chest pain or discomfort
Chest pain or discomfort is a common symptom of MVP. This pain may be described as pressure, tightness, or burning and is often felt in the chest or in the left arm. It may also be accompanied by shortness of breath, lightheadedness, or dizziness.
- Fatigue
Fatigue is another common symptom of MVP. People with this condition may feel tired or exhausted even after minimal physical activity.
- Rapid or irregular heartbeats
People with MVP may experience rapid or irregular heartbeats, known as palpitations. This can be accompanied by a sensation of fluttering or pounding in the chest.
- Shortness of breath
Shortness of breath is another common symptom of MVP. This can be a sign of mitral regurgitation, which can lead to a buildup of fluid in the lungs.
- Dizziness or lightheadedness
Dizziness or lightheadedness can occur as a result of low blood pressure or decreased blood flow to the brain. This can be a serious symptom, especially if it is accompanied by fainting.
If you have any of these symptoms, it’s important to see a doctor for an evaluation.
The treatment for MVP depends on the severity of the condition and the presence of any symptoms. If MVP is mild and does not cause any symptoms, no treatment may be necessary. However, in more severe cases, treatment may be necessary to prevent complications and reduce symptoms.
The following are the treatments for MVP:
- Medications
Medications can help control symptoms and reduce the risk of complications. Beta-blockers, which are commonly used to treat high blood pressure, can help reduce the frequency of palpitations and chest discomfort. ACE inhibitors and angiotensin receptor blockers can help reduce the risk of heart failure.
- Surgery
Surgery may be recommended for people with severe MVP who have symptoms or complications. This may involve repairing or replacing the mitral valve. In some cases, minimally invasive procedures, such as transcatheter mitral valve repair or replacement, may be an option.
- Lifestyle changes
Lifestyle changes can help manage symptoms and reduce the risk of complications. This may include a healthy diet, regular exercise, stress management, and avoiding triggers that may worsen symptoms.
In conclusion, MVP is a common condition in which the mitral valve doesn’t work properly. Symptoms can include chest pain, fatigue, rapid or irregular heartbeats, shortness of breath, and dizziness or lightheadedness. Treatment for MVP depends on the severity of the condition and may include medications, surgery, and lifestyle changes. If you have any of these symptoms, it’s important to see a doctor for an evaluation.